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consuls will be placed upon the same footing as those from Russia and
Great Britain, and that no mention is made of France. The authorities
got into trouble with a French consul in San Francisco, once, and, in
order to pacify Napoleon, the United States enlarged the privileges
of French consuls beyond those enjoyed by the consuls of all other
countries.
ART. 4. The twenty-ninth article of the treaty of the 18th
of June, 1858, having stipulated for the exemption of
Christian citizens of the United States and Chinese converts
from persecution in China on account of their faith, it is
further agreed that citizens of the United States in China,
of every religious persuasion, and Chinese subjects in the
United States shall enjoy entire liberty of conscience, and
shall be exempt from all disability or persecution on
account of their religious faith or worship in either
country. Cemeteries for sepulture of the dead of whatever
nativity or nationality shall be held in respect and free
from disturbance or profanation.
The old treaty protected "Christian" citizens of the United States from
persecution. The new one is broader. It protects our citizens "of every
religious persuasion"--Jews, Mormons, and all. It also protects Chinamen
in this country in the worship of their own gods after their own
fashions, and also relieves them of all "disabilities" suffered by them
heretofore on account of their religion. This protection of Christians
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