driving; they meddled in politics, they became arrogant and dictatorial,

they fomented discords everywhere--in a word, they utterly destroyed

Chinese confidence in foreigners, and raised up Chinese hatred and

distrust against them. For these things they were driven out of the

country. When strangers came, after that, the Chinese, with that calm

wisdom which comes only through bitter experience, caged them, or

hanged them. I spoke, a while ago, of a domineering, hectoring class

of foreigners in China who are always interfering with the Government's

business, and thus keeping alive the distrust and dislike engendered by

their kindred spirits, the Dominicans, an age ago. They clog progress.

Article 2 of the treaty is intended to discountenance all officious

intermeddling with the Government's business by Americans, and so move

a step toward the restoration of that Chinese confidence in strangers

which was annihilated so long ago.

ART. 3. The Emperor of China shall have the right to appoint

consuls at ports of the United States, who shall enjoy the

same privileges and immunities as those which are enjoyed by

public law and treaty in the United States by the Consuls of

Great Britain and Russia, or either of them.

And soon--perhaps within a year or two--there will doubtless be a

Chinese Envoy located permanently at Washington. The Consuls referred

to above will be appointed with all convenient dispatch. They will be

Americans, but will in all cases be men who are capable of feeling pity

for persecuted Chinamen, and will call to a strict account all who wrong

The Treaty With China