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fingers at the 3 joints.
The movement of the torso (355-361).
3
55.
Observe the altered position of the shoulder in all the movements of
the arm, going up and down, inwards and outwards, to the back and to
the front, and also in circular movements and any others.
And do the same with reference to the neck, hands and feet and the
breast above the lips &c.
3
56.
Three are the principal muscles of the shoulder, that is b c d,
and two are the lateral muscles which move it forward and backward,
that is a o; a moves it forward, and o pulls it back; and bed
raises it; a b c moves it upwards and forwards, and c d o
upwards and backwards. Its own weight almost suffices to move it
downwards.
The muscle d acts with the muscle c when the arm moves forward;
and in moving backward the muscle b acts with the muscle c.
[Footnote: See Pl. XXI. In the original the lettering has been
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