The 1918 Fanny Farmer Cookbook

Charcoal for fuel is produced by the smothered combustion of wood. It gives an intense,

heat, therefore makes a good broiling fire. Its use for kindling is not infrequent.

even

There are two kinds of coal: Anthracite, or hard coal. Examples: Hard and free−burning

White Ash, Shamokin, and Franklin. Nut is any kind of hard coal obtained from screenings.

Bituminous, or soft coal. Example: cannel coal.

Coke is the solid product of carbonized coal, and bears the same relation to coal that

charcoal

bears to wood.

Alcohol is employed as fuel when the chafing−dish is used.

FIRE

Fire for cookery is confined in a stove or range, so that heat may be utilized and regulated.

Flame−heat is obtained from kerosene, gas, or alcohol, as used in oil−stoves, gas−stoves or

gas−ranges, and chafing−dishes.

A cooking−stove is a large iron box set on legs. It has a fire−box in the front, the sides of

which are lined with fire−proof material similar to that of which bricks are made. The bottom

furnished with a movable iron grate. Underneath the fire−box is a space which extends from

the

grate to a pan for receiving ashes. At the back of fire−box is a compartment called the oven,

accessible on each side of the stove by a door. Between the oven and the top of the stove is a

space for the circulation of air.

Stoves are connected with chimney−flues by means of a stovepipe, and have dampers to

regulate the supply of air and heat, and as an outlet for smoke and gases.

The damper below the fire−box is known as the front damper, by means of which the air

supply is regulated, thus regulating the heat.

The oven is heated by a circulation of hot air. This is accomplished by closing the

oven−damper, which is situated near the oven. When this damper is left open, the hot air

rushes

up the chimney. The damper near the chimney is known as the chimney−damper. When open

gives a free outlet for the escape of smoke and gas. When partially closed, as is usually the

in most ranges, except when the fire is started, it serves as a saver of heat. There is also a

case

Chapter II − COOKERY