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Azazel is a warrior god of justice and truth. His cities were “Sippar,” an ancient Akkadian city on the
east bank of the Euphrates, north of Babylon and Larsa/Ellasar of Sumeria. Sippar is 20 miles (32 km)
southwest of Baghdad in Iraq. Sippar was one of the first cities to be established by the Gods.
“Ellasar‟s Sumerian name is given as Ararwa, apparently for Arauruwa, „light-abode,‟ which, in fact, is
the meaning of the ideographic group with which it is written. The ruins of this ancient site are now
known as Senqara, and lie on the East bank of the Euphrates, about midway between Warka (Erech) and
Muqayyar (Ur of the Chaldees).
In addition to the name Larsa, it seems also to have been called Aste azaga “the holy (bright, pure)
seat” (or throne), and both its names were apparently due to its having been one of the great Babylonian
centers of sun-god worship.
Like most of the principal cities of Babylonia, it had a great temple-tower, called E-dur-an-ki, „house of
the bond of heaven and earth.‟ The temple of the city bore the same name as that at Sippar, i.e. E-
babbar, „House of Light,‟ where the sun-god Samas was worshipped. This temple was restored by Ur-
Engur, Hammurabi (Amraphel), Burna-burias, Nebuchadrezzar and Nabonidus. Among the tablets
found on this site by Loftus was that which gives measures of length and square and cube roots, pointing
to the place as one of the great centers of Babylonian learning. Besides the remains of these temples,
there are traces of the walls, and the remains of houses of the citizens. The city was at first governed by
its own kings, but became a part of the Babylonian empire some time after the reign of Hammurabi.”¹
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