The Poetical Works of John Milton


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is that now in use. Thus words like goddess, darkness, usually written  
in the first edition with one final s, have two, while on the other  
hand words like vernall, youthfull, and monosyllables like hugg, farr,  
lose their double letter. Many monosyllables, e.g. som, cours, glimps,  
wher, vers, aw, els, don, ey, ly, so written in 1645, take on in 1673 an  
e mute, while words like harpe, windes, onely, lose it. By a reciprocal  
change ayr and cipress become air and cypress; and the vowels in daign,  
vail, neer, beleeve, sheild, boosom, eeven, battail, travailer, and many  
other words are similarly modernized. On the other hand there are a few  
cases where the 1645 edition exhibits the spelling which has succeeded  
in fixing itself, as travail (1673, travel) in the sense of labour; and  
rob'd, profane, human, flood and bloody, forest, triple, alas, huddling,  
are found where the 1673 edition has roab'd, prophane, humane, floud and  
bloudy, forrest, tripple, alass and hudling. Indeed the spelling in  
this later edition is not untouched by seventeenth century  
inconsistency. It retains here and there forms like shameles, cateres,  
(
where 1645 reads cateress), and occasionally reverts to the  
older-fashioned spelling of monosyllables without the mute e. In the  
Epitaph on the Marchioness of Winchester, it reads--' And som flowers  
and some bays.' But undoubtedly the impression on the whole is of a  
much more modern text.  
In the matter of small or capital letters I have followed the old copy,  
except in one or two places where a personification seemed not plainly  
enough marked to a modern reader without a capital. Thus in Il  
Penseroso, l. 49, I print Leasure, although both editions read leasure;  
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