The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci Complete


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There are persons who, having the convenience of a river or a lake  
in their lands, have made, close to the place where they suspect  
that a mine is being made, a great reservoir of water, and have  
countermined the enemy, and having found them, have turned the water  
upon them and destroyed a great number in the mine.  
Of Greek fire.  
1
128.  
GREEK FIRE.  
Take charcoal of willow, and saltpetre, and sulphuric acid, and  
sulphur, and pitch, with frankincense and camphor, and Ethiopian  
wool, and boil them all together. This fire is so ready to burn that  
it clings to the timbers even under water. And add to this  
composition liquid varnish, and bituminous oil, and turpentine and  
strong vinegar, and mix all together and dry it in the sun, or in an  
oven when the bread is taken out; and then stick it round hempen or  
other tow, moulding it into a round form, and studding it all over  
with very sharp nails. You must leave in this ball an opening to  
serve as a fusee, and cover it with rosin and sulphur.  
Again, this fire, stuck at the top of a long plank which has one  
braccio length of the end pointed with iron that it may not be burnt  
906  


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