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legislature and court of justice. The Commons, who are the people, when
ordered to the bar of the Lords, humbly present themselves bareheaded
before the peers, who remain covered. The Commons send up their bills by
forty members, who present the bill with three low bows. The Lords send
their bills to the Commons by a mere clerk. In case of disagreement, the
two Houses confer in the Painted Chamber, the Peers seated and covered,
the Commons standing and bareheaded.
"Peers go to parliament in their coaches in file; the Commons do not.
Some peers go to Westminster in open four-wheeled chariots. The use of
these and of coaches emblazoned with coats of arms and coronets is
allowed only to peers, and forms a portion of their dignity.
"
Barons have the same rank as bishops. To be a baron peer of England, it
is necessary to be in possession of a tenure from the king per Baroniam
integram, by full barony. The full barony consists of thirteen knights'
fees and one third part, each knight's fee being of the value of £20
sterling, which makes in all 400 marks. The head of a barony (Caput
baroniæ) is a castle disposed by inheritance, as England herself, that
is to say, descending to daughters if there be no sons, and in that case
going to the eldest daughter, cæteris filiabus aliundè satisfactis.[1]
"Barons have the degree of lord: in Saxon, laford; dominus in high
Latin; Lordus in low Latin. The eldest and younger sons of viscounts
and barons are the first esquires in the kingdom. The eldest sons of
peers take precedence of knights of the garter. The younger sons do
not. The eldest son of a viscount comes after all barons, and precedes
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